Dhritarashtra[1]

Male


Personal Information    |    Sources    |    All

  • Name Dhritarashtra  
    Gender Male 
    Association Vyasa (Relationship: Father via Niyoga) 
    Person ID I102  Hindu Puran Genealogy Tree | Kauravas branch, Somavanshi
    Last Modified 21 Sep 2013 

    Father Vichitravirya 
    Mother Ambika 
    Relationship Birth 
    Association Vyasa (Relationship: Pandu's Father (Niyoga)) 
    Family ID F51  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 1 Gandhari 
    Children 
     1. Duryodhana,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     2. Dushasana,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     3. Dussaha,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
    +4. Dushala
     5. Jalsandha,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     6. Sama,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     7. Saha,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     8. Vindha,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     9. Anuvindha,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     10. Durmukha,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     11. Chitrasena,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     12. Durdarsha,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     13. Durmarsha,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     14. Dussaha,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     15. Durmada,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     16. Vikarna,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     17. Dushkarna,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     18. Durdhara,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     19. Vivinsati,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     20. Durmarshana,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     21. Durvishaha,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     22. Durvimochana,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     23. Dushpradharsha,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     24. Durjaya,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     25. Jaitra,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     26. Bhurivala,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     27. Ravi,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     28. Jayatsena,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     29. Sujata,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     30. Srutavan,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
     31. Srutanta,   d. Kurukshetra, Ancient Cities, India Find all individuals with events at this location
    Last Modified 27 May 2017 
    Family ID F55  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Notes 
    • Yuyutsu was born of a slave/Daasi woman and Dritarashtra.
    Children 
     1. Yuyutsu
    Last Modified 21 Sep 2013 
    Family ID F57  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 3 Satyavrata 
    Last Modified 21 Sep 2013 
    Family ID F355  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 4 Satyasena 
    Last Modified 21 Sep 2013 
    Family ID F356  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 5 Sudeshna 
    Last Modified 21 Sep 2013 
    Family ID F357  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 6 Susanhita 
    Last Modified 21 Sep 2013 
    Family ID F358  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 7 Tejashrava 
    Last Modified 21 Sep 2013 
    Family ID F359  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 8 Sushrava 
    Last Modified 21 Sep 2013 
    Family ID F360  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 9 Vikruti 
    Last Modified 21 Sep 2013 
    Family ID F361  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 10 Shubha 
    Last Modified 21 Sep 2013 
    Family ID F362  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 11 Shambhuva 
    Last Modified 21 Sep 2013 
    Family ID F363  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 12 Darshana 
    Last Modified 21 Sep 2013 
    Family ID F364  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  • Sources

    1. [S139]
      WIKI.Dhritarashtra, Wiki, (Wikipedia), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhritarashtra.

      Dhritarashtra
      The blind king Dhritarashtra listens as the visionary narrator Sanjaya relates the events of the battle between the Kaurava and the Pandava clans.
      Personal Information
      Affiliation Kuru dynasty
      Weapon Gada (mace)
      Family Parents:
      Half - Brother Half-Brother
      Spouse Gandhari
      Children Sons from Gandhari
      100 sons including Daughter from Gandhari Sons from Sugadha
      Relatives Half-brother see Niyoga

      Dhritarashtra (Sanskrit: धृतराष्ट्र, ISO-15919: Dhr̥tarāṣṭra) was a Kuru king, and the father of the Kauravas in the Hindu epic Mahabharata. He was the King of the Kuru Kingdom, with its capital at Hastinapura. He was born to Vichitravirya's first wife, Ambika.

      Dhritarashtra was born blind.[1] He fathered one hundred sons and one daughter, Dushala, by his wife, Gandhari and a son, Yuyutsu, by his wife's maid. These children, including the eldest son Duryodhana, but not including Yuyutsu and Dushala, came to be known as the Kauravas.

      Etymology and historicity

      Dhṛtarāṣṭra means "He who supports/bears the nation".[2]

      A historical Kuru King named Dhr̥tarāṣṭra Vaicitravīrya is mentioned in the Kāṭhaka Saṃhitā of the Yajurveda (c. 1200–900 BCE) as a descendant of the Rigvedic-era King Sudas of the Bharatas. His cattle was reportedly destroyed as a result of the conflict with the vrātya ascetics; however, this Vedic mention does not provide corroboration for the accuracy of the Mahabharata's account of his reign. Dhritarashtra did not accept the vratyas into his territory, and with the aid of rituals, the vratyas destroyed his cattle. The group of vratyas were led by Vaka Dālbhi of Panchala.[3][4]

      Birth and early life

      With Vichitravirya having died of sickness, Bhishma unable to take the throne because of his vow, and Bahlika's line unwilling to leave the Bahlika Kingdom, there was a succession crisis in Hastinapura. Satyavati invites her son Vyasa to impregnate the queens Ambika and Ambalika under the Niyoga practice. When Vyasa went to impregnate Ambika, his appearance was scary and frightened her, so she closed her eyes during their union; hence her son was born blind.[5]

      Dhritarashtra, along with his younger half-brother Pandu, was trained in the military arts by Bhishma and Kripacharya. Hindered by his handicap, Dhritarashtra was unable to wield weapons, but had the strength of one hundred thousand elephants due to a boon given by Vyasa, and was said to be so strong that he could crush iron with his bare hands.[6] When it came time to nominate an heir, Vidura suggested that Pandu would be a better fit because he was not blind. Though bitter about losing his birthright, Dhritarashtra willingly conceded the crown, though this act would seep into the obsession he would have over his crown later in life.[7] Dhritarashtra married Gandhari of Hastinapura's weakened and lowly vassal Gandhara; After their marriage, Gandhari covered her eyes with a blindfold in order to truly experience her husband's blindness.[8] Gandhari and he had one hundred sons, called the Kauravas, and one daughter Dushala. He also had a son named Yuyutsu mothered by a maid.

      Reign

      After the incident with Rishi Kindama, Pandu retired to the forest. Hence, Dhritarashtra was offered the crown. Through the blessings of Vyasa, he and Gandhari had one hundred sons and a daughter, with his eldest son, Duryodhana, becoming his heir. Upon Duryodhana's birth, ill omens appeared; many sages and priests advised Dhritarashtra and Gandhari to abandon the baby. But they refused to do so; Duryodhana grew up with a princely education and his parents believed that he would be a great heir.

      However, when Pandu died, Kunti and her sons returned to Hastinapura, living alongside Dhritarashtra's children. Yudhishthira, Pandu's eldest son, was older than Duryodhana. Given that Pandu was the king and that Yudhishthira was the son of the god of Dharma (Dharmaraja, also known as Yama) he had a strong claim to the throne. A succession crisis began; though recognising Yudhishthira's merits, Dhritarashtra favoured his own son, blinded by affection. Upon much pressure from the Brahmins, Vidura, and Bhishma, Dhritarashtra reluctantly named Yudhishthira as his heir.[9]

      Bifurcation of the Kuru Kingdom

      After the House of Lac incident, in which the Pandavas are believed to have been immolated, Dhritarashtra mourns, but was able to finally name Duryodhana as his heir. When the Pandavas are revealed to have survived, Duryodhana refuses to cede his title as heir when the sour relations between the Kauravas and the Pandavas simmer. On Bhishma's advice, Dhritarashtra bifurcates the kingdom, giving Hastinapura to Duryodhana and Khandavaprastha to Yudhishthira.[10][9]

      The game of dice

      Draupadi disrobed in Dhritarashtra's assembly. Dhritarashtra seated in the centre.

      Shakuni, Gandhari's brother, was a master of dice as he could load them without his opponents having a clue. He, along with his nephew Duryodhana, conspired in a game of dice and invited the Pandavas to gamble. The Pandavas eventually lost their kingdom, wealth, and prestige and were exiled for thirteen years. Draupadi, the wife of the Pandavas, was humiliated in court after Dushasana tried to disrobe her. The blind king only intervened after counselling with Gandhari when Draupadi was going to curse the Kuru dynasty. Though notables like Vikarna and Vidura objected to the sins of Duryodhana, most of the spectators were helpless due to their obligations to Hastinapura; Dhritarashtra could have spoken out, but did not.[citation needed]

      The Kurukshetra War

      Krishna requests Dhritarashtra to avoid war.

      Krishna, as a peace emissary of the Pandavas, travelled to Hastinapura to persuade the Kauravas to avoid the bloodshed of their own kin. However, Duryodhana conspired to arrest him, which resulted in the failure of the mission. After Krishna's peace mission failed and a war seemed inevitable, Vyasa approached Dhritarashtra and offered to grant him a divine vision so that Dhritarashtra could see the war. However, not willing to see his kin slaughtered, Dhritarashtra asked that the boon be given to Sanjaya, his charioteer. Sanjaya dutifully narrated the war to his liege, reporting how Bhima killed all his children. Sanjaya would console the blind king while challenging the king with his own viewpoints and morals. When Lord Krishna displayed his Vishvarupa (True form) to Arjuna on the battlefield of Kurukshetra, Dhritarashtra regretted not possessing the divine sight.[6]

      Dhritarashtra mourns the death of his sons.

      Dhritarashtra was confident that Bhishma, Drona, Karna and the other invincible warriors would make the Kaurava camp victorious. He rejoiced whenever the tide of war turned against the Pandavas. However, the results of the war devastated him. All of his sons and grandsons but one were killed in the carnage. Dhritarashtra's only daughter Duhsala was widowed. Yuyutsu had defected to Pandava side at the onset of the war, and was the only son of Dhritarashtra who had managed to survive the Kurukshetra War.[11]

      Crushing of Bhima's metal statue

      After the war ended, the victorious Pandavas arrived at Hastinapura for the formal transfer of power. The Pandavas set forth to embrace their uncle and offer him their respects. Dhritarashtra hugged Yudhishthira heartily without a grudge. When Dhritarashtra turned to Bhima, Krishna sensed his intentions and asked Bhima to step back and placed Bhima's iron statue in his place. Dhritarashtra crushed the statue into pieces and then broke down crying, his rage leaving him. Broken and defeated, Dhritarashtra apologised for his folly and wholeheartedly embraced Bhima and the other Pandavas.[12]

      Later years and death

      15 years after the great war of Mahabharata, the grief-stricken blind king along with his wife Gandhari, sister-in-law Kunti, and half brother Vidura left Hastinapura for penance. It is believed that all of them (except Vidura who predeceased him) perished in a forest fire and attained moksha.[13]

      Assessment

      Throughout his reign as King of Hastinapura, Dhritarashtra was torn between the principles of dharma and his love for his son Duryodhana. He often ended up endorsing his son's actions merely out of fatherly love.[14]

      Dhritarashtra is physically strong, yet psychologically weak, easily manipulated by his brother-in-law, Shakuni.[15][16] Dhritarashtra appears in Mahabharata sections that have been circulated as separate scriptures, most notably the Bhagavad Gita, whose dialogue was narrated to him.

      See also

      References

      1. "Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide", by Roshen Dalal, p. 230, publisher = Penguin Books India
      2. Apte, Vaman Shivaram (1957). "धृतराष्ट्र". A practical Sianskrit-English Dictionary. Poona: Prasad Prakashan.
      3. Witzel, Michael (1995). "Early Sanskritization: Origin and Development of the Kuru state" (PDF). EJVS. 1 (4): 17, footnote 115. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 June 2007.
      4. Michael Witzel (1990), "On Indian Historical Writing", p.9 of PDF
      5. The Sacred books of the Hindus. Genesis Publications. 2007. p. 94. ISBN 9788130705439.
      6. 1 2 Ganguli, Kisari Mohan. The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa Translated into English Prose by Kisari Mohan Ganguli. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Web.
      7. Kalyāṇakara, Bā Ha. Dhr̥tarāshṭra. Nāgapūra: Ākāṅkshā Prakāśana, 2007.
      8. Suri, Chander Kanta. The Life and times of Shakuni. Delhi: for All, 1992. Print
      9. 1 2 Vyas, Ramnarayan (1992). Nature of Indian Culture. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 978-81-7022-388-7.
      10. Valmiki; Vyasa (19 May 2018). Delphi Collected Sanskrit Epics (Illustrated). Delphi Classics. ISBN 978-1-78656-128-2.
      11. Yuyutsu was one of the 11 who managed to survive the war.
      12. During the Kurukshetra War
      13. Dhritarashtra, Gandhari and Kunti proceed to the forest
      14. "12_chapter 6'". Google Docs. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
      15. Nanda, Rishi Nanda, Mehak Mahajan (10 February 2020). Break Your Leadership Chakravyuh: Stories and Learnings from Indian Mythology. Notion Press. ISBN 978-1-64678-700-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
      16. Guha, Soma (2007). Mahabharata: The Game Vol - 1. Scholastic India. ISBN 978-81-7655-816-7.
      This information is sourced from Wikipedia, the leading online open-content collaborative (crowd-sourced) encyclopedia. Wikipedia and/or TransLiteral Foundations can not guarantee the validaity of content above and can not be held responsible for inaccuracies or libelious information within. Please see Wikipedia General Disclaimer.






Comments | अभिप्राय

Comments written here will be public after appropriate moderation.
Like us on Facebook to send us a private message.